As the world transitions to renewable energy, wind farms are becoming an essential part of our energy infrastructure. Ensuring the reliability and efficiency of these installations is essential, and fiber optic sensing technology plays a key role in achieving this goal.
Fiber optic sensing technology uses the unique properties of optical fiber to detect changes in temperature, stress, and acoustic vibrations (sound) along the fiber. By integrating fiber optic cables into the infrastructure of wind farms, operators can continuously monitor the structural health and operating conditions of these critical assets.
So, what exactly is it used for?
Structural health monitoring
Wind turbines are often exposed to harsh environments, including heat, cold, rain, hail, and strong winds, and in the case of offshore wind farms, waves and corrosive salt water. Fiber optic sensing technology can provide valuable data on the structural and operational health of turbines by detecting strain and vibration changes through distributed stress sensing (DSS) and distributed acoustic sensing (DAS). This information enables operators to identify potential weaknesses and take proactive measures to reinforce or repair turbines before failure occurs.
Cable integrity monitoring
The cables that connect wind turbines to the grid are critical for transmitting the electricity produced. Fiber optic sensing technology can monitor the integrity of these cables, detecting changes in the depth of underground cables, stress and strain on overhead cables, mechanical damage or thermal anomalies. Continuous monitoring helps prevent cable failures and ensure reliable power transmission. It also allows transmission system operators (TSOs) to optimize or maximize the power transmission of these cables.
Identifying risks from fishing vessels and anchors
In the case of offshore wind farms, these power cables are often laid in busy waters where fishing vessels and boats frequently operate. These activities pose a significant risk to the cables. Fiber optic sensing technology, most likely distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) in this case, can detect interference caused by fishing gear or anchors, providing imminent collision warnings and early warnings of potential damage. By identifying these risks in real time, operators can take immediate action to mitigate the impact, such as rerouting vessels or reinforcing vulnerable parts of the cable.
Predictive and proactive maintenance
Fiber optic sensing technology performs predictive maintenance by providing continuous data on the condition of wind farm components. This data enables operators to predict when and where maintenance is needed, thereby preventing unexpected failures and reducing downtime. By addressing issues before they escalate, operators can save significant costs associated with emergency repairs and lost energy production.
Safety and protection
The field of fiber optic sensing technology is constantly evolving and taking it to the next level with new innovations. The latest advancements include enhanced distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) systems that are more sensitive and accurate in detecting changes in wind farm infrastructure and its surroundings. These systems can distinguish between various types of disturbances, such as mechanical or manual digging near cables. They can also be used to set up virtual fences and provide approach warnings for pedestrians or vehicles approaching cables, providing a comprehensive solution to avoid accidental damage or intentional interference by third parties.
Fiber optic sensing technology is changing the way wind power plants are monitored and maintained. It can provide real-time, continuous data on the condition of wind power plant components, with significant advantages in safety, efficiency and cost-effectiveness. By adopting fiber optic sensing technology, operators can ensure the integrity and life of their wind farms and investment projects.
Post time: Apr-03-2025